Filler injections are a cosmetic treatment used to smooth wrinkles or pitted scars in the skin, usually on the face. They are also used to make the lips fuller. When injected under the skin, a filler raises or puffs up that area. This usually goes away over time.
Dermal fillers help to diminish facial lines and restore volume and fullness in the face. As we age, our faces naturally lose subcutaneous fat. The facial muscles are then working closer to the skin surface, so smile lines and crow’s feet become more apparent.
The facial skin also stretches a bit, adding to this loss of facial volume. Other factors that affect the facial skin include sun exposure, heredity, and lifestyle.
Dermal fillers can be used to:
· Plump thin lips
· Enhance shallow contours
· Soften facial creases and wrinkles
· Improve the appearance of recessed scars
Dermal fillers can be very helpful in those with early signs of aging, or as a value-added part of facial rejuvenation surgery.
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| Skin Anatomy |
The materials used in soft tissue fillers include:
Absorbable (temporary) materials
· Collagen: Collagen is a type of protein that is a major part of skin and other tissues in the body. Sources of purified collagen used in soft tissue fillers can be from cow (bovine) or human cells. The effects of collagen fillers generally last for 3-4 months. They are the shortest lasting of injectable filler materials.
· Hyaluronic acid: Hyaluronic acid is a type of sugar (polysaccharide) that is present in body tissues, such as in skin and cartilage. It is able to combine with water and swell when in gel form, causing a smoothing/filling effect. Sources of hyaluronic acid used in dermal fillers can be from bacteria or rooster combs (avian). In some cases, hyaluronic acid used in dermal fillers is chemically modified (crosslinked) to make it last longer in the body. The effects of this material last approximately 6 – 12 months.
· Calcium hydroxylapatite: Calcium hydroxylapatite is a type of mineral that is commonly found in human teeth and bones. For wrinkle filling in the face or for the hand, calcium hydroxylapatite particles are suspended in a gel-like solution and then injected into the wrinkle in the face or under the skin in the back of the hand. The effects of this material last approximately 18 months. While in the body, calcium hydroxylapatite will be visible in x-rays and may obscure underlying features.
· Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA): PLLA is a biodegradable, biocompatible man-made polymer. This material has wide uses in absorbable stitches and bone screws. PLLA is a long lasting filler material that is given in a series of injections over a period of several months. The effects of PLLA generally become increasingly apparent over time (over a period of several weeks) and its effects may last up to 2 years.
Non-absorbable (permanent) materials
· Polymethylmethacrylate beads (PMMA microspheres): PMMA is a non-biodegradable, biocompatible, man-made polymer. This material is used in other medical devices, such as bone cement and intraocular lenses. PMMA beads are tiny, round, smooth particles that are not absorbed by the body. When used as a soft tissue filler, PMMA beads are suspended in a gel-like solution that contains cow (bovine) collagen and injected into the face.
Some doctors use fillers that are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Check with your doctor when deciding which treatment is right for you. For some fillers, your skin is first numbed with a local anesthetic. Then a cosmetic surgeon or dermatologist uses a needle to inject the filler under the skin. A treatment session takes about 15 minutes. Some fillers are done in repeat sessions a couple of weeks apart.
Cheeks are almost always the first part of the face which sags and ‘sinks’ giving us a tired and very aged look. One of the most popular procedure that we do here in The Retreat Clinic is the mid face lift. By filling the cheeks with dermal fillers, it instantly lifts the face, removing years from your face, giving you a more youthful look. By filling the cheeks, dark eye circles and eyebags can also be reduced drastically.
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| Nose Filler |
As in any medical procedure, there are risks involved with the use of soft tissue fillers. That is why it is important for you to understand their limits and possible risks.
Any soft tissue filler can cause long-term side effects, permanent side effects, or both. However, most side effects associated with soft tissue fillers happen shortly after injection and most go away in less than two weeks. Swelling and pain after hand treatment may last a month or more. In some cases side effects may appear weeks, months or years after injection.
Allergy testing is required for particular types of filler materials, such as those taken from animals (e.g., cows, rooster combs).
The following risks are for FDA-approved uses of Soft Tissue Fillers. The risks associated with unapproved uses are not known.
· Bruising
· Redness
· Swelling
· Pain
· Tenderness
· Itching, rash
· Difficulty in performing activities (only observed when injected into the back of the hand)
Less common side effects include:
· Raised bumps in or under the skin (nodules or granulomas) that may need to be surgically removed
· Infection
· Open or draining wounds
· A sore at the injection site
· Allergic reaction
· Necrosis (tissue death)
The following rare side effects have also been reported to FDA:
· Severe allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock) that requires immediate emergency medical assistance
· Migration/ movement of filler material from the site of injection
· Leakage or rupture of the filler material at the injection site or through the skin (which may result from tissue reaction or infection)
· The formation of permanent hard nodules in the face or hand
· Vision abnormalities, including blindness
· Stroke
· Injury to the blood supply,
· Damage to the skin or the lips
If you choose to have these fillers removed through surgery, you may experience the same adverse events typically associated with surgery. You should be aware that it may be difficult to remove the filler material.
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